ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar si el tipo morfológico de apendicitis está asociado con el tipo de obstrucción apendicular. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y prospectivo en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo, durante el año 2013. Resultados: Formaron parte del estudio 398 casos. El 54% de los pacientes tuvo entre 10 y 29 años. El 55,5% fueron de sexo masculino y el 44,5% de sexo femenino. La longitud promedio del apéndice fue 7,19 ± 1,6 y el diámetro 1,14 ± 0,5 cm. Los apéndices cecales con diámetro menor a 0,8 cm, no presentaron inflamación aguda. El 16,2% de los apéndices estuvieron perforados. En el 43% se evidencio una obstrucción en la luz apendicular, que en el 56,3% correspondió a la presencia de un bolo fecal, en un 29,9% a acodamiento del apéndice cecal y 4,8% a fecalito. En el 5,4% de los casos, el parásito encontrado fue E. vermicularis. El 81,4% de los apéndices que tenían un bolo fecal o un fecalito, presentaron apendicitis supurativa severa, gangrena y/o perforación mientras que sólo el 55,4% de los apéndices que tenían hiperplasia o acodamiento presentaron los tipos morfológicos más severos (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Los apéndices que tuvieron un bolo fecal o un fecalito tuvieron un tipo morfológico de apendicitis más severo que los que tuvieron otro tipo de obstrucción. Por tanto, SÍ hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tipo morfológico de apendicitis y el tipo de obstrucción.
Objective: Determine if the morphological type of appendicitis is associated with the type of appendiceal obstruction. Material and methods: A descriptive, observational and prospective study was conducted at the Hospital Belén of Trujillo, during the year 2013. Results: There were 398 cases that took part of the study. A 54% of patients had between 10 and 29 years old, 55.5% were males and 44.5% females. The average length of the appendix was 7.19 ± 1.6 and 1.14 ± 0.5 cm diameter. Cecal appendices with diameter less than 0.8 did not show acute inflammation. A 16.2% of the appendices were perforated. In 43% a obstruction was evident in the appendiceal lumen, which corresponded to 56.3% for the presence of fecal bolus, 29.9% to bend appendiceal and 4.8% to faecolith. In 5.4% of cases a parasite E.vermicularis was found. A 81.4% of the appendices that had a fecal bolus or faecolith, had severe suppurative appendicitis, gangrene and / or perforation while only 55.4% of the appendices that had hyperplasia or bending presented the most severe morphological types (p <0.05). Conclusions: The appendices that had a fecal bolus or a faecolith had a morphological type of appendicitis more severe than those who had other obstructions type. Therefore, there was a statistically significant association between the morphological type of appendicitis and the type of obstruction.
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Heart/physiopathology , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis , Pulmonary Embolism/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Echocardiography/methods , Prognosis , Pulmonary Embolism/metabolism , Pulmonary Embolism , Retrospective Studies , Troponin I/metabolism , Ventricular Dysfunction, RightABSTRACT
El Cuestionario de R. Cloninger se focaliza en el estudio del temperamento y carácter en el desarrollo de la personalidad del ser humano y ha contribuido a delimitar factores constitucionales y neuroanatómicos que intervienen tanto en el comportamiento habitual, como en manifestaciones psicopatológicas. En la presente investigación se evalúan las características psicométricas de una elaboración en español del Cuestionario de Temperamento y Carácter para niños y para padres (JTCI) de R. Cloninger. En consistencia con otros estudios, los coeficientes de confiabilidad obtenidos para la muestra de padres fueron mejores que los obtenidos para la muestra de niños, aunque finalmente sólo cuatro de las ocho escalas tienen un nivel de confiabilidad aceptable. La correlación entre el autorreporte de los niños y la evaluación de los padres es, en general, baja. Se discuten las implicancias de estos resultados y la necesidad de contar con futuros estudios que permitan mejorar la confiabilidad este cuestionario.
R. Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory have focused on the research of temperament and character as a relevant factor in the development of human's personality and have contributed to determine constitutional and neuroanatomic factors that intervene both, in normal and pathological behavior This investigation uses Cloninger's Temperament and Character Questionnaire for children and parents (Luby, Svrakic, McCallum, Przybeck y Cloninger,1999). This inventory measures temperamental and charactero-logical features more frequently present in scholars and explores parents-children concurrence. Results show slight differences with respect to the unique study previously realized by Luby, et al., (1999). No significant differences by gender are observed in the sample. Despite only some dimensions have significant values between parents and children, these justify the need to apply questionnaires to scholars and complement the information with their parent's appreciation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Character , Parents/psychology , Psychology, Child , Surveys and Questionnaires , Temperament , Chile , Personality Inventory , Data Collection , Reproducibility of Results , TranslationsABSTRACT
Background: The exposure to stressing situations may play a role in the appearance of vitiligo. Patients with the disease have a greater sensitivity to environmental stress and a lower threshold to generate catecholamine mediated responses. Aim: To evaluate the temperament and character of patients with vitiligo and explore the relationship of the disease withnegative life events and life quality impairment. Material and methods: The study population were 21 patients with vitiligo aged 5 to 12 years, and two control groups (G1 and G2). G1 was composed by 14 healthy siblings of vitiligo patients. G2 was composed by 21 age and gender matched healthystudents from two schools in Santiago, Chile. The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI), the Qualitative Psychosocial Development Survey (QPDS), the Life Event Checklist (LEC) and the Childrens Life Quality Index (CDLQI) were applied (LEC only to vitiligo patients). Results: On thetemperament dimensions, vitiligo patients scored high on the harm avoidance scale in comparison toG2 (13.7 v/s 10.6). Compared with G1, QPDS showed in vitiligo patients a higher frequency of fear to strangers (71% and 36%, respectively) and a predominant feeling of fear and shyness in response to changes in a close relative (80% and 8%, respectively). There was a negative correlation (protective factor) between the character dimension self-directedness and CDLQI score (r =0.703). Conclusions: In this group of patients, we found a possible relationship between a specific temperament dimension, vitiligo and its impact on life quality.